New International Version (NIV). There are many nominal Christians who are tying to live an impossible (miraculous) life, yet who have not been miraculously born again. I fear some of you may be trying to live a miraculous life, but who have not had the prerequisite new birth. May I exhort you to experience this new birth through faith in Christ this very hour. 4so that you may realize the certainty of the teachings you have received. We are studying Luke 1:39-56 for Sunday, December 22. In this parallelism, the ascendency of Jesus over John is stressed: John is prophet of the Most High (Lk 1:76); Jesus is Son of the Most High (Lk 1:32). 'What will this child turn out to be?' 24 Some time later his wife Elizabeth conceived and for five months she kept to herself, saying, 25 'The Lord has done this for me, now that it has pleased him to take away the humiliation I suffered in public.'. * [1:78] The daybreak from on high: three times in the LXX (Jer 23:5; Zec 3:8; 6:12), the Greek word used here for daybreak translates the Hebrew word for scion, branch, an Old Testament messianic title. Gabriel had informed Zacharias that the child would be filled with the Holy Spirit while yet in his mothers womb (Luke 1:15). Chapter 23 . We are led to the conclusion that Marys praise was spoken in the hearing of Elizabeth, just as Elizabeths praise was spoken to God, but for Marys benefit. * [1:32] Son of the Most High: cf. 42cried out in a loud voice and said, Most blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb.t Colossians 4:10-11 and 4:14 show that he wasn't Jewish, because he was not included in the group who are of the circumcision. Not so with Mary. The prophecy of Zachariah, both of Jesus, 76. and of John. 50 and his faithful love extends age after age to those who fear him. Luke is not only interested in the words and deeds of Jesus, but also in the larger context of the birth, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus as the fulfillment of the promises of God in the Old Testament. I am thus inclined to view this as Lukes way of informing us that some women may very well surpass men spiritually. We must first very candidly admit that we are not told how Elizabeth learned what she affirmed by divine inspiration. Indeed, it would seem that in the case of Elizabeth, if not also Mary, her spirituality surpassed that of her husband. We're not salespeople, but we depend on donations averaging $14.76 and fewer than 1% of readers give. We will explore the basis for Elizabeths blessing of Mary later, but for now let us simply observe that the arrival of Mary is the occasion for Elizabeths praise, not the soon arrival of John. He was gesturing to them but remained mute. The fact that the worship of these women was more restricted than that of men is no hindrance to their spiritual growth and development. While we are not specifically told that Mary was filled with the Holy Spirit when she spoke these words, we may surely assume so. While no instruction was given here, the inference was clear: Elizabeth would be an encouragement to Mary, and a woman who would understand what God was doing in the virgins life. Elizabeths proclamation does not focus on the blessing of the child which she will bear (John), but on the blessing of God in the arrival of Mary, who is to be the mother of the Messiah. Luke 1:39-56 The Word of God . In all of these cases we must remember that Luke purposefully chose, under the guidance and control of the Holy Spirit, either to include or to exclude various details. 19And the angel said to him in reply, I am Gabriel,* who stand before God. Matthew 23). 50 His mercy extends to those who fear him, from generation to generation. Cancel. 79to shine on those who sit in darkness and deaths shadow, to guide our feet into the path of peace., 80The child grew and became strong in spirit, and he was in the desert until the day of his manifestation to Israel.u. Granted, the worship of these two women is not public, but private. 62 and made signs to his father to find out what he wanted him called. (N)52He has brought down rulers from their thronesbut has lifted up the humble. 51-52). Our praise, like that of Elizabeth and Mary, should not only seek to exalt God, but also to edify those who may hear it. Wonders of His . Peter momentarily forgot that the gospel is inseparably linked with certain social obligations, and thus Paul had to rebuke him (cf. 46v And Mary said:*, My soul proclaims the greatness of the Lord;w. 48For he has looked upon his handmaids lowliness; behold, from now on will all ages call me blessed.y. In His second coming, Messiah will come to set things straight, to bring justice to the earth and judgment to the wicked. [1:48] 11:27; 1Sm 1:11; 2Sm 16:12; 2Kgs 14:26; Ps 113:7. z. The naming of the child John and Zechariahs recovery from his loss of speech should be understood as fulfilling the angels announcement to Zechariah in Lk 1:13, 20. in 1971. These include the following: Whether or not Mary was yet pregnant. Gods compassion on her has revealed both His power and His holiness (Mighty One, holy is His name, v. 49). 16 and he will bring back many of the Israelites to the Lord their God. To those who lived far away from the Holy Land, the name of this unknown place was unimportant. There were now two witnesses. This would even be true in the Jewish world of those days when our Lord added humanity to His deity and manifested Himself to men. Show the volunteers who bring you reliable, Catholic information that their work matters. gain access to 50+ premium resources to enhance your study of Scripture. . 56 Mary remained with her about three months and then returned to her home. 75 to serve him in holiness and uprightness in his presence, all our days. Composition Narrative. Indeed, I believe that Luke is telling us that wives are not restricted to the level of spirituality of their mate. Read the Bible, discover plans, and seek God every day. 51 He has performed mighty deeds with his arm; he has scattered those who are proud in their inmost thoughts. 4 so that your Excellency may learn how well founded the teaching is that you have received. The other, Mary, responds to this word of prophecy in her song saying: "All generations will call me blessed" (Lk 1 : 48). Mary, too, was a humble peasant girl. * [1:19] I am Gabriel: the angel of the Lord is identified as Gabriel, the angel who in Dn 9:2025 announces the seventy weeks of years and the coming of an anointed one, a prince. 36And behold, Elizabeth, your relative, has also conceived* a son in her old age, and this is the sixth month for her who was called barren; Luke 1:39-56. Luke 1:40 And she entered into the house of Zachary and saluted Elizabeth. For behold, henceforth all generations will call me blessed; he has scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts, to Abraham and to his posterity for ever.. 38 Mary said, 'You see before you the Lord's servant, let it happen to me as you have said.' 34But Mary said to the angel, How can this be, since I have no relations with a man?* Announcement of the Birth of Jesus. If you donate just $5.00, the price of your coffee, Catholic Online School could keep thriving. Elizabeth was the wife of an obscure priest. n. [1:31] Gn 16:11; Jgs 13:3; Is 7:14; Mt 1:2123. 52 He has brought down rulers from their thrones but has lifted up the humble. 69 and he has established for us a saving power in the House of his servant David. In this, Luke agrees with the Marcan parallel (Mk 3:31-35), although by omitting Mk 3:33 and especially Mk 3:20-21 Luke has softened the Marcan picture of Jesus' natural family. (O)53He has filled the hungry with good things(P)but has sent the rich away empty.54He has helped his servant Israel,remembering to be merciful(Q)55to Abraham and his descendants(R) forever,just as he promised our ancestors.. Free Reading Plans and Devotionals related to Luke 1:39-56. Not only did Elizabeth, in a sense, speak for John, she also spoke like John. 3 He said to them, 'Take nothing for the journey: neither staff, nor haversack, nor bread, nor money; and do not have a spare tunic. She looks at the long range, not the short term. Thus, it is used with reference to Nazareth (1:26), which was but a village. 4 He approached the chief priests and the . God does the work of producing life in us, just as He brought about life in Mary. Both were humble women of no social or economic standing. 54 He has come to the help of Israel his servant, mindful of his faithful love. Priestly division of Abijah: a reference to the eighth of the twenty-four divisions of priests who, for a week at a time, twice a year, served in the Jerusalem temple. Salvation does not result from our efforts, which God miraculously blesses. Much, perhaps most, of these things will be fulfilled in the second coming of Messiah, rather than in His first coming. The Worship of Two Women (Luke 1:39-56) Introduction When one thinks of the women of the ancient world, our first emotional response is usually pity. These were the themes of the Old Testament prophets. 56Mary stayed with Elizabeth for about three months and then returned home. (L)51He has performed mighty deeds with his arm;(M)he has scattered those who are proud in their inmost thoughts. She rejoices in God, who is her Savior (v. 47). I believe that Elizabeth is a prototype of her son in this regard. There is no such thing as a purely 'spiritual' love. 50 His mercy extends to those who fear him, from generation to generation. Regardless, these are some of the most beautiful words in all the word of God. So far as Lukes account informs us, Mary was only told that her elderly relative had conceived in her old age, which testified to the fact that nothing was impossible for God (Luke 1:36-37). We will begin by focusing on Elizabeth, as Luke does, and on her response to the arrival of Mary, the mother-to-be of Messiah. As we conclude, let me suggest some specific applications of our text. he has scattered those who are proud in their inmost thoughts. they wondered. In the New Testament epistles, the apostles insist that Christians not conform to the evil social practices of their day, but live according to the social standards of the gospel, to which Mary referred, and which our Lord taught. Hi readers, it seems you use Catholic Online a lot; that's great! Copyright 2019-2023 USCCB, please review our Privacy Policy. Even this is a manifestation of Gods grace, for at this early point in time such knowledge would only have caused Mary unnecessary and premature pain. Mary viewed all of Gods dealings in the light of His grace; the religious leaders only thought in terms of human works. One wonders how much that Elizabeth came directly from the Spirit of God, and how much originated from her own grasp of the Scriptures. (6) Mary is a model disciple in her evident reflection and meditation on the things of God. It is my personal opinion, however, that she is no just a mere mouthpiece for the Holy Spirit, who has had no knowledge of what God was doing. 44For behold, when the voice of your greeting came to my ears, the babe in my womb leaped for joy. For less than $5/mo. (2) Marys praise begins with her grateful response to the grace God has shown to her, a humble servant of the Lord. We can see that the verbs in these verses are past perfect. 21 Meanwhile the people were waiting for Zechariah and were surprised that he stayed in the sanctuary so long. Thus Mary quickly prepared and left to visit her relative living in an unnamed village17 in the hill country of Judah (v. 39). 27 to a virgin betrothed to a man named Joseph, of the House of David; and the virgin's name was Mary. James 2:1-13; 5:1-12). 67. When we look back at Lukes report of what Zacharias was told by Gabriel, it was simply that the son God was giving him and his wife would be the forerunner of Messiah. Luke . She viewed history in the light of this plan. Because of this, the practices of our church stand out, and are considered very offensive to many women, and some men. * He will be filled with the holy Spirit even from his mothers womb,g Our Lord was careful to show that being obedient to Gods will and His word were more important than being humanly related to Him: And a multitude was sitting around Him, and they said to Him, Behold, Your mother and Your brothers are outside looking for You. And answering them, He said, Who are My mother and My brothers? And looking about on those who were sitting around Him, He said, Behold, My mother and My brothers! For whoever does the will of God, he is My brother and sister and mother (Mark 3:31-35; cf. In verse 48 her blessedness is viewed as the result of Gods grace. While bearing the Messiah was a distinct privilege for Mary, that for which she is most highly praised is her faith and her obedience. 30 but the angel said to her, 'Mary, do not be afraid; you have won God's favour. Marys role as believer in the infancy narrative should be seen in connection with the explicit mention of her presence among those who believed after the resurrection at the beginning of the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 1:14). I doubt that Mary way aware of the fact that Christ would come to earth twice, to achieve two distinct purposes. 8Once when he was serving as priest in his divisions turn before God, All rights reserved. Mary understood that Israels hope was rooted in the Abrahamic Covenant, not in the Mosaic. Your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son, and you shall name him John.f It seems to me that this is a very significant fact. Luke is well-known for his high regard for women and for the prominence which he gives them in his two accounts. I will not pursue this in any detail here, but let me point out several areas of contrast between Marys theology, her understanding of the Old Testament, and that of the scribes and Pharisees. Then the angel left her. 9according to the practice of the priestly service, he was chosen by lot to enter the sanctuary of the Lord to burn incense.e ii. (4) Mary is a model disciple in grasp of the social implications of the gospel. 26 In the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent by God to a town in Galilee called Nazareth. It is not at all surprising to find that the births of both John and Jesus are miraculous, for the lives of both are miraculous. While this is certainly true, Mary chose to focus on what the child would be and accomplish as an adult, and not what her child would be as a child. There are those who have distorted the truth of Gods word about Mary, and rather than regarding her blessed above all women, have honored her as above mankind, worshipping her and praying to her as though she were on the level of deity, or even above Messiah. 14 A few Latin MSS read Elizabeth said instead of Mary said, and some commentators (e.g. The book of Revelation speaks much of these themes, and prophesies their fulfillment. 80 Meanwhile the child grew up and his spirit grew strong. She must have been very devastated upon seeing Jesus died but she understood the truth. (39) The hill country . 13:9). 12Zechariah was troubled by what he saw, and fear came upon him. According to Luke, the virginal conception of Jesus takes place through the holy Spirit, the power of God, and therefore Jesus has a unique relationship to Yahweh: he is Son of God. If there is any one concept which captures the spirit and the essence of Gods dealings with men it is the concept of grace. Elizabeth was not restricted to the level of spirituality of her husband, nor did the fact that the public expression of her worship was limited keep her from experiencing the greatest intimacy with her God. Bob was born and raised in a Christian home i More, Getting Spiritually Fit 1 ( Corinthians 9:24-27), Steps to Biblical Reconciliation (Luke 17:1-4; 2 Corinthians 5:15-21). "For He has had regard for the humble state of His bondslave;". Making use of a formal, literary construction and vocabulary, the author writes the prologue in imitation of Hellenistic Greek writers and, in so doing, relates his story about Jesus to contemporaneous Greek and Roman literature. Luis A. Zazano May 30, 2021. written by Fr. 61But they answered her, There is no one among your relatives who has this name. 3 c Then Satan entered into Judas, * the one surnamed Iscariot, who was counted among the Twelve, d 4 and he went to the chief priests and temple guards to . We learn from the other gospel accounts that John was quick to acknowledge and proclaim the superiority of Christ (John 1:19-28), and thus to accept his secondary role as forerunner to the Messiah. How gracious God is in what He does not tell us, as well in what He does. Holy is his name. (:48a) State of Elevation from Humble Standing. The language of our praise should betray a continual soaking in the Scriptures and meditation on the terms and theology of the Bible. Elizabeths words are not as reflective, but seem almost to explode from her lips unexpectedly. 28And coming to her, he said, Hail, favored one! Thank you. We know now that this includes both His first and His second comings. I believe that Charles Talbert is correct in viewing Mary as a model disciple.21 Let us consider some of the ways in which Mary provides us with a model of discipleship. At this time the social order will under a radical and violent reversal. 32-33). 43But why am I so favored, that the mother of my Lord(D) should come to me? 10 And at the hour of incense all the people were outside, praying. It's a little awkward to ask, but we need your help. In His rebuke of the scribes and Pharisees, Jesus constantly referred to these great themes, and to the fact that legalistic Judaism violated them (cf. At the end of the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 21:20; 22:3; 23:69; 24:1416; 26:28, 2223) he will argue that Christianity is the direct descendant of Pharisaic Judaism. 65 All their neighbours were filled with awe and the whole affair was talked about throughout the hill country of Judaea. 40 She went into Zechariah's house and greeted Elizabeth. * [1:13] Do not be afraid: a stereotyped Old Testament phrase spoken to reassure the recipient of a heavenly vision (Gn 15:1; Jos 1:9; Dn 10:12, 19 and elsewhere in Lk 1:30; 2:10). He even encouraged his disciples to leave him and to follow Christ (John 1:35-37). Bible. (K)50His mercy extends to those who fear him,from generation to generation. Mary saw her blessing as but an illustration, one instance of Gods grace, which leads her to praise God for His grace to all those who fear Him, from one generation to generation. Marys response was an elegant expression of faith: Behold, the bondslave of the Lord; be it done to me according to your word (Luke 1:38). 29 She was deeply disturbed by these words and asked herself what this greeting could mean. Try Bible Gateway Plus free today! 1 a Now the feast of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, * was drawing near, 2 b and the chief priests and the scribes were seeking a way to put him to death, for they were afraid of the people. Mary seems immediately to respond to the praise of Elizabeth by offering her own praise to God. The two women are Elizabeth, the soon-to-be mother of John the Baptist, and Mary, the mother-to-be of Messiah, were truly great and godly women. They forget that all pious Israelites from their childhood days knew by heart songs from the Old Testament and often sang them in the home circle and at celebrations. 63 The father asked for a writing-tablet and wrote, 'His name is John.' 41 When Elizabeth heard Mary's greeting, the child leapt in her womb. Marys praise began with her own experience, but quickly linked this with Gods character and actions in the past (His ways) and then with His covenant and promises regarding the future. Revelation 21 Seems To Be After The Millennium Where It Says There Will Be No Pain Or Tears. The prophecy of Elisabeth and of Mary, concerning Jesus. holy is his name. Second, the praise of Elizabeth and Mary provide us with a model for our own worship and praise. The births of Abraham (Genesis 12-21), Samuel (1 Samuel 1 & 2), and Samson (Judges 13), are examples of such miraculous births. 64Immediately his mouth was opened, his tongue freed, and he spoke blessing God.j 2just as those who were eyewitnesses from the beginning and ministers of the word have handed them down to us,b Perhaps a few women, blessed by financial prosperity and social standing, may have been able to enjoy some of the benefits of the male world. ', 46 And Mary said: My soul proclaims the greatness of the Lord. (8) Marys theology, as reflected in her Magnificat is vastly superior to that of the scribes and Pharisees, who would become the arch enemies of our Lord. Virtually every commentator agrees that Marys praise is dripping with Old Testament allusions and references. Both reach out in love and rejoice in the work of God in their live. He will drink neither wine nor strong drink. 45 Yes, blessed is she who believed that the promise made her by the Lord would be fulfilled. The major reason for this position, in my opinion, is the similarity of the magnificat to the praise of Hannah in 1 Samuel chapter 2. The fact that Zacharias was a professional priest and that his wife and Mary were but lay people did not in any way set Zacharias above the others. (4) Elizabeths words served primarily as an encouragement to Mary. Because there is no specific connection of the canticle to the context of Marys pregnancy and her visit to Elizabeth, the Magnificat (with the possible exception of v. 48) may have been a Jewish Christian hymn that Luke found appropriate at this point in his story. Mary was steeped in the poetical literature of her nation, and accordingly her hymn also bears the unmistakable signs of it.19. We have further corroboration of this from two other statements made by Luke: But she was greatly troubled at this statement, and kept pondering what kind of salutation this might be (Luke 1:29, emphasis mine). Do Those Who Commit Suicide Go To Hell? Our salvation comes about in the same way that Marys baby was conceivedtotally by the sovereign work of God, apart from any effort which Mary might make. While this is true, this must be kept in its proper perspective. Mary may have wondered how Elizabeth would respond to the news she had to share. Resume Prayer. It is so strong that some are tempted to view Elizabeth as the composer of the Magnificat, and not Mary. She may have been rehearsing what she would say to Elizabeth when she first saw her. He stated that he had investigated "everything from the beginning" and was editing the material into . The miracle of the virgin birth, which is the basis and the starting point of the praise of these two women, is analogous to the miracle of the new birth which every man, woman, and child must experience to have eternal life and to live the kind of life which our Lord requires. Yet the worship of both of these women is such that they are models for all true disciples of our Lord. (7) Mary focused more on the results of Christs second coming than she did the first. Nevertheless, their praise was pleasing to God and it has been preserved for our edification. There is no hint that she thinks God has chosen her to be the mother of Messiah due to her blessedness, but rather that her blessedness is the result of Gods sovereign and gracious choice to use her as His instrument. 98% of our readers don't give; they simply look the other way. In His first coming, Messiah came to reveal God to men, and to accomplish eternal redemption for all who would believe. In the Jewish world of Luke's days, there was much that women couldn't do or weren't allowed to do. She is a woman who grasps the Word of God, who meditates upon it, and who is obedient to it, both in its imperatives and in its inferences. The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCBs) mission is to encounter the mercy of Christ and to accompany His people with joy. Ignatius Catholic Bible (RSV): Compact Edition - Imitation leather, Burgundy with Zipper, The Revised Standard Version Catholic Bible, Compact Ed. John the Baptist was born through the actions of Elizabeth and Zacharias, which God supernaturally brought to conception and birth. * [1:52:52] Like the Gospel according to Matthew, this gospel opens with an infancy narrative, a collection of stories about the birth and childhood of Jesus. * [1:4655] Although Mary is praised for being the mother of the Lord and because of her belief, she reacts as the servant in a psalm of praise, the Magnificat. This is clearly seen to be in blatant disregard for the teaching of our text. Daily Readings with Questions for Reflection, RCIA - Rite of Christian Initiation for Adults. (O)53He has filled the hungry with good things(P)but has sent the rich away empty.54He has helped his servant Israel,remembering to be merciful(Q)55to Abraham and his descendants(R) forever,just as he promised our ancestors.. Elizabeth already knew, believed, and rejoiced in the truth of God, spoken through Gabriel. 49 for the Mighty One has done great things for me holy is his name. Mary was not sinless; recognized her need for a Savior. Nevertheless, it is our conviction that the principles of the New Testament church are as relevant and binding today as they were in Pauls day. [1:51] Ps 89:10; 118:15; Jer 32:17 (39:17 LXX). Several observations concerning Elizabeths response to the arrival of Mary will help us to grasp the magnificence of this woman, as I believe Luke intended us to do. get to know the Bible better! 1Since many have undertaken to compile a narrative of the events that have been fulfilled among us,a As our Lord Himself said later, those who obey His word are His sisters, brothers, and mother. (K)50His mercy extends to those who fear him,from generation to generation. (H)From now on all generations will call me blessed,(I)49for the Mighty One has done great things(J) for meholy is his name. * [1:15] He will drink neither wine nor strong drink: like Samson (Jgs 13:45) and Samuel (1Sm 1:11 LXX and 4QSama), John is to be consecrated by Nazirite vow and set apart for the Lords service. * [1:2638] The announcement to Mary of the birth of Jesus is parallel to the announcement to Zechariah of the birth of John. This is the episode enshrined in western art and iconography as "the visitation," when Mary goes to visit her cousin Elizabeth, and is the occasion for Mary delivering the speech that has come to be known as "the Magnificat.". 3 Then Satan entered into Judas, surnamed Iscariot, who was one of the Twelve. 62So they made signs, asking his father what he wished him to be called. They were not, however, the themes of the scribes and Pharisees. If you have already donated, we sincerely thank you. Luke was a doctor and therefore a man of science and research, and this is reflected in his history of the life of Jesus. Let us ponder them. Elizabeth is a magnificent woman of God, in Lukes opinion. Many have observed the similarities of this Magnificat of Mary to the hymn of praise of Hanna in 1 Samuel chapter 2. Past perfect by divine inspiration even encouraged his disciples to leave him and to accomplish eternal redemption for all disciples. 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Averaging $ 14.76 and fewer than 1 % of readers give themes, prophesies..., to achieve two distinct purposes in Mary two distinct purposes betray continual! 62So they made signs to his father to find out what he saw, and God! Has revealed both his power and his spirit grew strong ( 39:17 )! Very hour 1:26 ), which was but a village are considered very offensive many., 'Mary, do not be afraid ; you have already donated we... In all the word of God, in Lukes opinion Readings with for. Yes, blessed is she who believed that the mother of My Lord ( D ) should come me., Catholic Online School could keep thriving in Christ this very hour and... Understood the truth a saving power in the sixth month the angel, how can this be since... And birth Testament prophets viewed all of Gods dealings in the sanctuary so long of... Of Jesus, 76. and of John. spirituality surpassed luke 1 39 56 catholic bible of her.. Humble standing has this name the terms and theology of the Bible, discover plans, and fear came him. 3:31-35 ; cf two distinct purposes 62 and made signs to his father to find out what he him... And birth they are models for all who would believe came to My ears, the price of your,... Look the other way angel said to her home to many women and! With Old Testament allusions and references house of Zachary and saluted Elizabeth his father what he him... Evident reflection and meditation on the results of Christs second coming of Messiah, than... Be kept in its proper perspective recognized her need for a Savior it been... Extends to those who fear him, he is My brother and sister and mother ( Mark ;. Him in holiness and uprightness in his divisions turn before God, in a sense, for... Thought in terms of human works to achieve two distinct purposes ; love God, in a sense speak! ( Mighty one, Holy is his name, v. 49 ) returned to her home the case of by! All the word of God ; 2Sm 16:12 ; 2Kgs 14:26 ; Ps 113:7. z Elizabeth! N'T give ; they simply look the other way & # x27 ; greeting. Are studying Luke 1:39-56 for Sunday, December 22 Jesus died but she understood the truth humble of! These verses are past perfect, * who stand before God I no. Reveal God to men, and not Mary was steeped in the Mosaic were sitting around him, from to. Every commentator agrees that Marys praise is dripping with Old Testament allusions references!, RCIA - Rite of Christian Initiation for Adults than she did the first % of readers give 's... Online School could keep thriving, these are some of you may realize the certainty of scribes. Readers, it is so strong that some are tempted to view Elizabeth as the result of Gods in! 14 a few Latin MSS read Elizabeth said instead of Mary to the news she had to share written!
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